Ku ya 30 Ugushyingo, Komisiyo y’Uburayi yashyize ahagaragara “Politiki y’ibikorwa bya Bio ishingiye kuri Bio, Biodegradable na Compostable Plastique”, ikaba isobanura neza ibinyabuzima bishingiye ku binyabuzima, ibinyabuzima bishobora kwangirika kandi bikabyara ifumbire mvaruganda kandi bikavuga ko ari ngombwa ko umusaruro w’ibicuruzwa bikoreshwa bifite ibyiza. ingaruka ku bidukikije.
Bio-ishingiye
Kuri "kubogama," iryo jambo rigomba gukoreshwa gusa mugihe ryerekana umugabane nyawo kandi wapimwe wibintu bya plastiki biobase mubicuruzwa, bityo abaguzi bakamenya umubare wa biomass ikoreshwa mubicuruzwa.Byongeye kandi, biomass yakoreshejwe igomba kuba ituruka ku buryo burambye kandi ntabwo yangiza ibidukikije.Izi plastiki zigomba gushakishwa kugirango zuzuze ibisabwa biramba.Abakora ibicuruzwa bagomba gushyira imbere imyanda kama nibindi bicuruzwa nkibiryo, bityo bikagabanya ikoreshwa rya biyomasi yambere.Iyo biyomasi yambere ikoreshejwe, igomba kwemezwa ko ibungabunga ibidukikije kandi itabangamiye urusobe rwibinyabuzima cyangwa ubuzima bwibidukikije.
Biodegradable
Kuri "biodegradation", bigomba kumvikana ko ibicuruzwa nkibi bitagomba kuba byuzuye, kandi hagomba kuvugwa igihe bifata kugirango ibicuruzwa bigere kuri biodegrade, mubihe bimeze no mubihe bidukikije (nk'ubutaka, amazi, nibindi) kugeza biodegrade.Ibicuruzwa bishobora kuba byuzuye, harimo n’ibikubiye mu buyobozi bumwe bwo gukoresha Plastike, ntibishobora gusaba cyangwa gushyirwaho ikimenyetso kibora.
Ibinyomoro bikoreshwa mu buhinzi ni urugero rwiza rwibikorwa bikenerwa bya plastiki ishobora kwangirika ahantu hafunguye, mugihe byemejwe kubipimo bikwiye.Kugira ngo ibyo bishoboke, Komisiyo izakenera kuvugurura ibipimo ngenderwaho by’Uburayi kugira ngo hitaweho cyane cyane ingaruka zo kwangirika kw’ibisigazwa bya pulasitiki mu butaka bwinjira muri sisitemu y’amazi.Kubindi bikorwa aho plastiki ishobora kwangirika ifatwa nkibikwiye, nkumugozi ukurura ukoreshwa mu burobyi, ibicuruzwa bikoreshwa mu kurinda ibiti, amashusho y’ibiti cyangwa imigozi ya trimmer, hagomba gutezwa imbere uburyo bushya bwo gupima.
Oxo-yangirika ya plastiki irabujijwe kubera ko idatanga inyungu zagaragaye ku bidukikije, ntizishobora kwangirika rwose, kandi bigira ingaruka mbi ku gutunganya plastiki zisanzwe.
Ifumbire
“Ifumbire mvaruganda” ni ishami rya plastiki ibora.Gusa plastiki ifumbire mvaruganda yujuje ubuziranenge igomba kugaragazwa nk "ifumbire mvaruganda" (hariho ibipimo by’ifumbire mvaruganda mu Burayi, nta bipimo byo gufumbira mu rugo).Inganda zifumbire mvaruganda zigomba kwerekana uburyo ikintu cyajugunywe.Mu ifumbire mvaruganda, biragoye kugera kubinyabuzima byuzuye bya plastiki ifumbire.
Inyungu zishoboka zo gukoresha plastiki ifumbire mvaruganda ninganda ninshi zo gufata biowaste no kwanduza kwifumbire mvaruganda hamwe na plastiki idashobora kwangirika.Ifumbire mvaruganda yo mu rwego rwo hejuru irafasha cyane gukoresha nk'ifumbire mvaruganda mu buhinzi kandi ntabwo iba isoko y’umwanda wa plastike ku butaka n’amazi yo mu butaka.
Inganda zikora ifumbire mvaruganda yo gukusanya biowaste itandukanye ni ingirakamaro.Imifuka irashobora kugabanya umwanda wa pulasitiki ifumbire mvaruganda, kubera ko imifuka ya pulasitike gakondo, harimo n’imyanda isigaye na nyuma y’igikorwa cyo kuyikuraho, ni ikibazo cy’umwanda muri gahunda yo kujugunya biowaste ubu ikoreshwa mu bihugu by’Uburayi.Kuva ku ya 31 Ukuboza 202, biowaste igomba gukusanywa cyangwa gutunganywa ukwayo ku isoko, kandi ibihugu nk'Ubutaliyani na Espagne byashyizeho uburyo bwo gukusanya biowaste zitandukanye: imifuka ya pulasitiki ifumbire mvaruganda yagabanije kwanduza biowaste no kongera biowaste yo gufata.Icyakora, ntabwo ibihugu cyangwa uturere twose bigize umuryango bishyigikira ikoreshwa ryiyo mifuka, kuko hakenewe uburyo bwihariye bwo gufumbira kandi kwanduza imigezi y’imyanda bishobora kubaho.
Imishinga iterwa inkunga n’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi isanzwe ishyigikira ubushakashatsi n’udushya bijyanye na bio-ishingiye ku binyabuzima, ibinyabuzima byangiza kandi byangiza ifumbire mvaruganda.Intego zibanda ku kubungabunga ibidukikije mu buryo bwo gutanga amasoko n’umusaruro, ndetse no gukoresha no guta ibicuruzwa byanyuma.
Iyi komite izateza imbere ubushakashatsi no guhanga udushya bigamije gukora ibizunguruka bishingiye ku binyabuzima bishingiye ku binyabuzima bifite umutekano, birambye, bikoreshwa, bikoreshwa kandi bigashobora kwangirika.Ibi birimo gusuzuma ibyiza bya porogaramu aho bio-ishingiye ku bikoresho n'ibicuruzwa byombi byangirika kandi bigasubirwamo.Harakenewe imirimo myinshi yo gusuzuma imyuka ihumanya ikirere ya parike igabanuka rya plastiki zishingiye kuri bio ugereranije na plastiki zishingiye ku binyabuzima, urebye ubuzima n’ubushobozi bwo gutunganya ibintu byinshi.
Inzira ya biodegradation igomba kurushaho gushakishwa.Ibi bikubiyemo kwemeza ko plastiki zishingiye kuri bio zikoreshwa mubuhinzi nizindi zikoresha biodegrade neza, hitawe ku kwimurwa kw’ibindi bidukikije, igihe cy’ibinyabuzima ndetse n’ingaruka ndende.Harimo kandi kugabanya ingaruka mbi zose, zirimo ingaruka zigihe kirekire, zinyongeramusaruro zikoreshwa mubicuruzwa byangiza kandi bya plastiki.Mubintu byinshi bidashobora gupakira kuri plastiki ifumbire mvaruganda, ibicuruzwa byisuku byinjira bikwiye kwitabwaho bidasanzwe.Ubushakashatsi burakenewe kandi ku myitwarire y’abaguzi no kubora nkibinyabuzima bishobora kugira ingaruka kumyanda.
Intego y'uru rwego rwa politiki ni ukumenya no gusobanukirwa n’ibi bintu bya plastiki no kuyobora iterambere rya politiki iri imbere ku rwego rw’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi, nk’ibisabwa na ecodeign ku bicuruzwa birambye, imisoro y’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi ishoramari rirambye, gahunda z’inkunga n’ibiganiro bifitanye isano n’amahuriro mpuzamahanga.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-01-2022